Device to insure the bursting of all kinds of bombs in whatever position of impact or fall



Nov. 4, 1930. E. MANZOLINI El AL 1,

DEVICE T0 INSURE THE BURSTING OF ALL KINDS OF BOMBS IN WHATEVER POSITIONOF IMPACT OR FALL Filed Nov.

Patented Nov. 4, 1930 meant ET'I'OR-E MANZOLINI, VINOENZO CAPOBIANCO,AND FIOBENZO SCARPONI, OF ROME,

l ITALY DEVICE TO INSURE THE BURSTING OF ALL KINDS OF BOMBS IN v. 10FIMPACZWOR FALL WHATEVER POSITION Application filed November 21, 1928Serial No. 320,796, and in Italy November 30, 1927.

The present invention concerns a device designed to insure, in whateverposition of impact or fall, the bursting of all kinds of bombs and inwhatever manner thrown, such as hand-bombs, bombs for bomb-throwers,bombs to be dropped from aircraft, or to be shot by means of bombards,mortars, guns and the like. Hitherto have been used for this purposemovable elements capable of oscillating round a point or edge, in caseof shocks or falls in oblique or lateral direction, and of producingduring their oscillation the approaching of thestriker to the capsule,thus determining the bursting.

For the same purpose have also been employed one or more auxiliarymovable bodies which, by sliding through inertia, in the case of obliqueor lateral impact againstsubstantially conical-surfaces terminatingmovable parts connected to the striker and to the capsule, at the momentof impact, caused the striker to approach the capsule and consequentlythe projectile to burst.

According to the present invention the same results are achieved, and ina simpler and more efficient manner, by making use for producing therelative approach of the parts bearing the striker and the capsule, of afluid mass or of a mass formed of loose incoherent granules, andconsequently as deformable as afluid mass, contained in a compartment ofthe projectile, or of the fuse applied to the projectile, having even orcurved walls against which, in the case of the impact or fall takingplace in an oblique or lateral direction, the fluid mass may exert apressure having an axial resultant, and by deforming itself causes thedisplacement thereof and consequently the approach of the capsule andthe striker between each other.

In the accompanying drawing, which serves to illustrate the presentinvention, the latter is shown by way of example as applied to a bomband to a fuse to be used for bombs or other projectiles, and moreprecisely.

Figures 1 and 2 show the bomb respectively in diametra-l section and intop view,

f Figures 3 and 4 are similar views of the use.

' As will be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the bomb consists in an externalenvelope 1 havin g on one side a fixed bottom 2 and closed on the otherside by a screw lid 3. On the side of the fixed bottom 2 internally isarranged, in the manner of a double bottom, a movable cover 4, whosecylindrical border 5, running against the inner walls of the envelope,serves as a guide during its axial movement. To the said bottom 4 isapplied the tapered point 6 of the striker, the advancement of which,however, is prevented because the cylindrical border 5 rests on theautomatic safety pin 7, which passes through holes provided in theenvelope 1 and carries eyelet 8, to which is articulated ring 9 which isset on the head of the bomb and is held in place by safety pin 10,capable of being extracted by hand by means of ring 11 and which is setunder the other pin 7. A spring 12 fixed on one side to the movable lid4 rests on the other side on the safety pin 7 and when this iswithdrawn, on the other 'pin 10, and, when the latter also is extracted,on the upper bottom 13 of the envelope 14 containing in the explosivecharge and carrying the capsule 15.

Between the movable bottom 4 and the fixed bottom 2 remains a free space16 which is filled with loose, granular, incoherent and heavy material,as for instance iron, lead, or some other metal in grains. v

The working of this bomb and of the'exploding device applied to it is asfollows:

Upon having extracted by. hand the first safety pin 10, by pulling ring11, the bomb;

is thrown and thelarge ring 9 rendered free tilts over and withdraws thesecond safety pin 7, allowing spring 12 to bear upon lid 13 of the caseof the explosive charge, thus holding the striker off the capsule.

If at the moment of the impact, which takes place as a result of thefall, the direction of it is axial, it is the casing with the charge 1 1which advances towards the striker approaching to it the capsule, or itis the striker which advances towards the capsule, the striker beingpushed by the mass of loose material in the compartment 16.

If the impact takes place sideways, for instance in the direction ofarrow"m-, the

incoherent material. tending by force of inertia to accumulate andcollect in the same direction, pushes the striker axially, pressing onwall 4 towards the capsule. If the impact takes place in an obliquedirection,- for instance according to arrow g so as to maintainimmovable the casing 141-, the advancement of the striker takes placethrough the combined efiect of the axial component of the force actingonthe loose material and of the accumulation, towards the left, of theversal component.

It, lastly, the impact takes place in an oblique or slanting direction,for instance according to arrow 2-, so as to produce with its axialcomponent the sliding motion of casing 14 containing the charge, theapproaohment of the striker takes 7 place through the combined action ofthis sliding motion and of the axial sliding of the movable bottom 4,produced by the accumula tiontowards the left of the incoherent materialunder the action of the transversal component of the impact. 7

As it is seen, with the arrangement disclosed, the bursting isalwaysachieved, whatever be the manner of the tall. 7 The embodimentaccording to Figures and 4, which shows the device applied to a fuse,whose body 17 is screwed on to the mouth 01" the bomb, is as far asconcerns the part which relates to the striker, the movable bottom abovewhich it is applied, and the disposition of the incoherent granularmate-- rial, wholly identical with the embodiment illustrated in Figures1 and 2, and on the drawing the same reference numerals are used toindicate corresponding parts; the

only diiference consists in that the capsule 15, instead of beingcarried by the casing containing the explosive charge, is carried byaheavy sliding body 18 on which rests spring 12 and between which bodyand the cylindrical border 5 of the movable'bottom are interposed thestop tongues 19 which are taken out after firing the projectile.

' The working takes place in the same manner as already described inconnection with the various circumstances of fall considered above.

It is understood that the various types of safety devices have beendescribed only by way or example and they can vary in any mannerwhatever, since they do not form part of the present invention.

I Thus also the granular and incoherent loose material may be of anykind, the only import antpoint bein that the particles remain al-- waysincoherent andcapable to slide so that the mass behaves in thesame-manner as aliquid; moreover, as flowing material may be used alsoaheavy liquid, for instancemercury, the same effects being obtainedtherewith.

We claim: J

material-due to the trans-i 1. In bombs of all kinds, the combination ofa capsule for igniting the fuse, a striker adapted to act on saidcapsule, a wall carrying I i an incoherent mass of grains of a heavymetal.

3. The combination as specified in claim 1, in which said capsule iscarried by a heavy mass also movable in an axial direction so as toparticipate in the displacement of said capsule, upon the impact takingplace.

4. The combination as specified in claim 1,

including a casingcontaining-the explosive charge and movable in anaxial direction within the external envelope, said capsule being mountedon said casing so as to take ad vantage also of the displacement of thecapsule upon the impact taking place in such a direction as to produceadisplacement of the explosive charge towards said striker In testimonywhereofwe have afiixed our signatures this 6th day ofN ovember, 1928.

ETTORE MANZOLINI; v VINCENZ O, CAPOBIANGOL FIORENZO, SG ARPQNI.

